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Blog

Geopolitical Risks and Business Opportunities: Part 1- The Middle East 

I recently had the opportunity to visit with Dr. Ian Oxnevad, Director of Geopolitical Risk intelligence at Infortal Worldwide. This visit was for a podcast series, sponsored by Infortal Worldwide entitled Global Risk Review. Dr. Oxnevad is a seasoned expert in geopolitical risk intelligence, with a PhD in political science and a master’s degree in National Security Studies. His expertise, particularly in the Middle East and Africa region, has led him to identify numerous opportunities for US businesses, especially in the high-tech sector and water technology, following the Abraham Accords. Dr. Oxnevad acknowledges the potential risks, such as political tensions, inflationary pressures and threats to the dollar’s dominance. His insights are shaped by his extensive academic background and his role as the Director of Geopolitical Risk Intelligence for Infortal Worldwide.

Over this five-part blog post series we looked at the risk profile for US Companies doing business in the following geographic regions, the Middle East, Latin America, Russia and Ukraine, Africa and the Asia Pacific region. Over this five-part blog post series, we will review Dr. Oxnevad’s views in each one of these regions. We begin in this Part 1 by reviewing the business opportunities and risks in the Middle East.

The Middle East has undergone significant changes in recent years, particularly with the signing of the Abraham Accords in 2020. These accords have opened new opportunities for US businesses in the region, particularly in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Israel. However, along with these opportunities come certain risks and challenges that need to be carefully considered.

One of the key areas where US businesses can benefit from the Abraham Accords is in the high-tech sector. Both the UAE and Israel have highly advanced economies and a strong focus on technology. The normalization of relations between these countries has created opportunities for bilateral investments and partnerships. US companies looking to invest in Israel or the Gulf states can now do so with greater ease, as the need to keep economic relations separate has diminished.

Another sector that presents opportunities for US businesses is water technology. The UAE, in particular, heavily invests in Africa, where there is a high demand for water systems. Previously, geopolitical issues may have hindered collaboration between Emirati investors and US companies in providing water technology solutions in Africa. However, with the Abraham Accords, these hurdles have been removed, allowing for greater regional integration and technological cooperation.

While the Abraham Accords have opened up new avenues for US businesses, it is important to consider the potential risks and challenges that come with operating in the Middle East. One such risk is the potential for export sanctions violations, particularly in relation to Iran. US companies operating in Saudi Arabia, for example, need to be aware of the risks associated with conducting business with partners or buyers who may have ties to Iran. Thorough due diligence and risk assessments are crucial in mitigating these risks.

Additionally, the normalization of ties between Saudi Arabia and Iran, facilitated by China’s Belt and Road initiative, has implications for energy costs and potential inflationary pressures. If oil sales start getting denominated in currencies other than the US dollar, it could lead to higher energy costs and inflationary pressures. This could have a significant impact on US businesses operating in the region, as it may affect supply chains and purchasing power.

It is important for US businesses to stay informed about geopolitical developments and the potential impact on business opportunities and risks in the Middle East. Geopolitical risk intelligence and screening of partners and suppliers are essential in navigating the complex landscape of the region.

In conclusion, the Abraham Accords have created new opportunities for US businesses in the Middle East, particularly in the UAE and Israel. The high-tech sector and water technology are key areas where US companies can benefit from increased regional integration. However, it is crucial to consider the risks associated with export sanctions and potential inflationary pressures. Thorough due diligence, risk assessments, and staying informed about geopolitical developments are essential for US businesses looking to capitalize on the opportunities in the Middle East post-Abraham Accords.

I hope you will join us tomorrow when we explore Geopolitical Risks and Business Opportunities in Latin America.

You can check Dr. Oxnevad in the full five-part Riskology by Infortal podcast series here.

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Adventures in Compliance

Adventures in Compliance – Ethical Lessons from The Adventure of The Noble Bachelor

Welcome to a review of all the Sherlock Holmes stories which are collected in the work, “The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.” The appeared in the Strand Magazine from July 1891 to June 1892. Over 12 episodes, I will be reviewing each story and mine them for leadership, compliance and ethical lessons.  Today I consider some ethical lessons from “The Noble Bachelor” which was initially published in the Strand Magazine in April 1892 and is included in the collection ‘The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes’.

Summary

The story begins when Lord Robert St. Simon, the second highest-ranking nobleman in England, seeks Sherlock Holmes’s help. Lord St. Simon’s new American wife, Hatty Doran, has disappeared shortly after their wedding. The only clues left behind are a wedding dress and a mysterious note.

Holmes sets to work, investigating every angle of the case. Upon interviewing the various parties involved, including Hatty’s former nurse and confidante, he uncovers the truth.

The missing bride, Hatty Doran, had previously been engaged to a man named Frank Moulton in America. They had a misunderstanding, and she had believed Frank to be dead. When she found out that Frank was alive and had been in England all along, she left her wedding to reunite with him.

In the end, Holmes does not interfere with Hatty’s decision, allowing her to leave with Moulton, despite the scandal it would create for Lord St. Simon. The detective explains to St. Simon that Hatty still loved Frank and was forced into the marriage due to a misunderstanding.

Thus, in “The Noble Bachelor,” Holmes uncovers a mystery of love and misunderstanding, ensuring the rightful parties are united while upholding his principles of justice and truth.

Ethical Lessons

1.     Honesty and Transparency: One of the main lessons revolves around the importance of honesty and transparency, especially in relationships. Lord Robert St. Simon and Hatty Doran, who are in the center of the story, show that lack of communication and honesty can lead to misunderstandings and complications.

2.     Compassion and Empathy: Sherlock Holmes, in his investigation, shows understanding towards Hatty Doran’s difficult situation, highlighting the importance of compassion and empathy. Even when she runs away from her marriage, Holmes doesn’t rush to judgment but rather attempts to understand her motives.

3.     Respecting Individual Choices: Hatty Doran decides to return to her former fiancé, who she believed was dead, thus asserting her personal choice. It teaches the lesson of respecting individual choices, even when they go against societal norms or expectations.

4.     Materialism vs True Love: Lord St. Simon, the noble bachelor, is portrayed as quite materialistic and is primarily concerned with his status. In contrast, Hatty Doran and her former fiancé, Francis Hay Moulton, display a genuine and profound love for each other. This contrast raises ethical questions about the nature of love, happiness, and material wealth.

5.     Justice and Fairness: Despite the societal standards of the time, Holmes does not seek to punish Hatty Doran for breaking her marital vow. He does not judge her actions, respecting her circumstances and choices. This underscores the importance of justice that is compassionate, understanding, and fair.

Resource

The New Annotated Sherlock Holmes

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Corruption, Crime and Compliance

Corruption, Crime, and Compliance: Justice, Commerce and Treasury Departments Issue Comprehensive Tri-Party Voluntary Disclosure Guidelines for Sanctions and Export Control Violations

Companies must take a proactive approach to sanctions and export control compliance to mitigate potential risks. This includes implementing rigorous compliance programs, cooperating with the DOJ, and promptly disclosing and remedying violations. In this episode of Corruption, Crime and Compliance, Michael Volkov explores the latest joint compliance notice issued by the DOJ, Department of Commerce, and Department of the Treasury. This notice provides crucial guidelines on voluntary disclosure for sanctions and export control violations, shedding light on the increasing enforcement of such controls. He discusses the intricate relationship between sanctions enforcement and the FCPA and offers a keen understanding of how businesses can safeguard their interests and comply with global standards.

You’ll hear Michael talk about:

  • The landscape of sanctions enforcement is rapidly evolving, with the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the National Security Division designating 25 prosecutors to handle sanctions compliance violations. 
  • Corporate resolutions are becoming the driving force behind settlement processes, and these resolutions could become significant revenue streams for the DOJ. In light of these developments, companies must prioritize sanctions and export control compliance to mitigate potential risks.
  • The DOJ’s Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) Guidance provides a detailed guideline for voluntary disclosures of possible violations. The JCE Guidance emphasizes the importance of prompt disclosure and swift remediation after uncovering potential violations. 
  • Generally, the DOJ will not seek prosecution if a company fully discloses a violation, cooperates wholeheartedly, and takes remedial actions. However, this is not a blanket assurance; aggravating factors such as widespread criminal activity or attempts by upper management to conceal violations can influence this stance.
  • Voluntary self-disclosure is not merely a bureaucratic step; it can potentially be a shield, allowing companies to significantly reduce or even bypass criminal liability. 
  • Full cooperation entails timely preservation of pertinent documents, streamlined witness interviews, and proactive identification of avenues for in-depth DOJ investigation.
  • Implementation of rigorous compliance programs, complemented by suitable disciplinary actions, can tilt the scales in favor of companies during evaluations. 
  • The JCE Guidance underscores recent modifications to the disclosure and enforcement policies adopted by the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) and the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). Notably, the BIS has ramped up penalties for companies that remain tight-lipped about significant potential violations. 
  • The efficacy of a compliance program, particularly its prowess in identifying and rectifying compliance gaps, plays a monumental role in BIS case resolutions.

 

KEY QUOTES

“Companies are about to face aggressive, coordinated prosecutions for sanctions and export control violations.” – Michael Volkov

 

“[The] DOJ noted that a prompt, voluntary self disclosure provides a means for a company to reduce, and in some cases, avoid altogether, the potential for criminal liability moving forward, where a company voluntarily self discloses potentially criminal violations, fully cooperates, and timely and appropriately remediates the violations.” – Michael Volkov

 

“The existence, nature, and adequacy of a company’s compliance program, including its success at self identifying and rectifying compliance gaps, is itself considered a factor under settlement guidelines.” – Michael Volkov

 

Resources:

Michael Volkov on LinkedIn | Twitter

The Volkov Law Group

Departments of Justice, Commerce and Treasury Issue Joint Compliance Note on Voluntary Self-Disclosure of Potential Violations

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FCPA Compliance Report

FCPA Compliance Report – Dottie Schindlinger on Corporate Governance and the Diligent Institute

Welcome to the award-winning FCPA Compliance Report, the longest-running podcast in compliance. In this episode, Tom Fox welcomes Dottie Schindlinger, Executive Director of the Diligent Institute.

The Diligent Institute, the governance research arm of Diligent Corporation, is on a mission to promote governance excellence by providing valuable resources and support to board members and senior leaders. Through research, thought leadership, podcasts, web shows, and certification programs, the institute addresses topics such as climate leadership, ESG, cyber risk, strategy, and AI ethics. Programs like the Next Gen Board Leaders Program and Director Network software facilitate peer-to-peer networking and board opportunities.

The Diligent Academy offers e-learning certification programs for directors, while the Diligent Forum provides a platform for directors to discuss specific themes with guest speakers. The conversation emphasizes the importance of empowering board members with the right information and insights to make informed decisions. It also discusses the changing role of directors in today’s business landscape, with a focus on digital transformation, cybersecurity, and customer satisfaction. The Diligent Institute aims to be a trusted resource for directors, providing valuable knowledge and understanding of their needs.

Key Highlights

  • Diligent Institute: Empowering Board Leaders
  • Diligent Academy and Forum
  • ESG Momentum
  • ESG Views and Director Confidence
  • The Changing Role of Directors

 Resources

Dottie Schindlinger on LinkedIn

The Diligent Institute

Tom Fox

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Sunday Book Review

Sunday Book Review: September 10, 2023 – The Business Books for September Edition

In the Sunday Book Review, I consider books that would interest the compliance professional, the business executive or anyone who might be curious. It could be books about business, compliance, history, leadership, current events or anything else that might interest me. In today’s edition of the Sunday Book Review, I continue my summer exploration of books on crime. Today, look at some of the top books on auditing, both for the audit professional and the compliance professional.

Resource

FT Business Books-What to Read This Month

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10 For 10

10 For 10: Top Compliance Stories For the Week Ending September 9, 2023

Welcome to 10 For 10, the podcast which brings you the week’s Top 10 compliance stories in one podcast each week. Tom Fox, the Voice of Compliance brings to you, the compliance professional, the compliance stories you need to be aware of to end your busy week. Sit back, and in 10 minutes hear about the stories every compliance professional should be aware of from the prior week. Every Saturday, 10 For 10 highlights the most important news, insights, and analysis for the compliance professional, all curated by the Voice of Compliance, Tom Fox. Get your weekly filling of compliance stories with 10 for 10, a podcast produced by the Compliance Podcast Network.

·       Insufficient cyber plan = FCA violation.  (DOJ Press Release)

·       Roger Ng banned for life.  (YaHooFinance)

·       FASB adopts crypto accounting rules. (WSJ)

·       Ken Paxton and slow creep of corruption. (Texas Tribune)

·       Spanish Women’s National team coach fired.  (ESPN)

·       Ramaswamy’s claims of FDA corruption disavowed by company he founded. (Reuters)

·       FIFA suspends head of Spanish football. (FT)

·       Using AI to improve workplace safety. (WSJ)

·       DOJ to go after Oligarch’s facilitators. (WSJ)

You can check out the Daily Compliance News for four curated compliance and ethics related stories each day, here.

Connect with Tom 

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Report from IMPACT 2023

Report from IMPACT 2023: Larry Thompson on the Evolution of Compliance

ECI’s IMPACT 2023 was one of the leading compliance events in 2023. At this conference, Tom Fox, the Voice of Compliance, was able to visit with several of the speakers, exhibitors, participants, and one group of ethically-minded Girl Scout Troop. In this limited podcast series, Report from IMPACT 2023, Tom explores many of the most cutting-edge topics in ethics and compliance through short podcast episodes. Check out the full series of interviews. You will be enlightened and informed and come away with a fuller and more thorough understanding of the most cutting-edge topics in ethics and compliance. In this episode, Tom visits with Larry Thompson, former Deputy Attorney General and well-known compliance professional. Join Tom and Larry as they delve deeper into these topics on this episode of the Report from Impact 2023.

Larry Thompson is a seasoned professional in the field of compliance, with a career that spans several decades, starting as a young lawyer working with defense contractors in the late 1980s. Thompson’s unique insights on the evolution of compliance programs and ethical culture stem from his firsthand experience of the shift from a rules-based, legalistic approach to a values-based approach. He emphasizes the importance of companies having a common set of values that employees can embody and reflect in their actions, contributing to their long-term sustainability. Thompson also acknowledges the changing values and expectations of the new generation of employees, who prioritize working for companies that align with their own values and have a culture of integrity and purpose. These insights were shaped by his involvement in the establishment of the organizational Sentencing Guidelines in the early 1990s and his roles as a board member of various public companies and an active participant in the National Association of Corporate Directors.

 Highlights Include 

·      The evolution of compliance programs

·      The role of the DOJ in compliance

·      A new generation in the workforce

 Resources 

Larry Thompson

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Daily Compliance News

Daily Compliance News: September 8, 2023 – The Slow Creep of Corruption Edition

Welcome to the Daily Compliance News. Each day, Tom Fox, the Voice of Compliance brings to you compliance-related stories to start your day. Sit back, enjoy a cup of morning coffee, and listen in to the Daily Compliance News. All, from the Compliance Podcast Network. Each day we consider four stories from the business world, compliance, ethics, risk management, leadership, or general interest for the compliance professional.

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Blog

Navigating Transformational Changes: The Intersection of E&C and ESG

Today I would like to explore the intersection thought of ethics and compliance (E&C) and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) efforts. In a recent podcast on Report from IMPACT 2023, we explored the crucial role of ethics in guiding organizations through transformational changes. With data-driven insights and practical advice, considered the challenges, opportunities, and strategies for success in this evolving landscape.

In the face of rapid technological advancements, the importance of ethics cannot be understated. The need to build safeguards to prevent potential crashes or negative consequences. Much akin to car racing, this world has the need to moving forward with technology in a safe and responsible manner. Further and just like a skilled racer, organizations must navigate the track of progress while ensuring the ethical implications of their actions are considered. Finally always remember that brakes are not on a car to slow it down but so that you can drive fast.

As power dynamics shift and new technologies emerge, the establishment of checks and balances in this arena becomes paramount. This means that organizations need to distribute power internally both wisely and ensure ethical decision-making processes are in place. By doing so, they can safeguard against potential abuses and ensure that transformative changes are guided by integrity. I often use the visual of the billboard announcing the Eyes of Dr. T J Eckleburg from The Great Gatsby as the best way to think about having a second set of eyes on your process for process validation.

In a world undergoing rapid transformation, continuous education and expanding horizons are crucial for organizations and individuals alike. For Chief Compliance Officers (CCOs) and other compliance professionals, the importance of being adaptable and open to learning cannot be overstated. Our profession is changing as fast as any other corporate function and it is coupled with the needs of our customers changing. Who are the customers of a corporate compliance program? You can start with the multiple stakeholders identified by the Business Roundtable in their seminal Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation. It can be employees, shareholders, third-parties, vendors and business partners and those who may live in localities where your organization does business.  By embracing new perspectives and staying informed, CCOs, compliance professionals and corporate compliance functions can effectively navigate the challenges of a changing world.

A significant development highlighted in the podcast is the convergence of ESG and E&C. This integration presents a strategic risk and opportunity standpoint for organizations. By aligning environmental, social, and governance considerations with ethical and compliance practices, companies can create a holistic approach that benefits both their bottom line and society at large. Equally importantly is the mandate that the CCO and corporate compliance function should lead this effort. There is no other corporate function which has such a wide mandate, as set out by the regulators as the corporate compliance programs. One need only consider the 2019 Evaluation of Corporate Compliance Programs which led to the 2023 Evaluation of Corporate Compliance Programs to see that a corporate compliance function (and CCO) must have visibility literally across your entire corporate organization.

The demand for businesses to take positions on social issues is growing louder, both from employees and stakeholders. It well known within the compliance community and wider corporate world of the importance of both the CCO and compliance function not remaining silent on these matters. You may call this speaking truth to power but in the wider ESG world, businesses must recognize the power they hold to effect change and leverage it responsibly. By aligning their values with those of their workforce and society, they can build purpose-filled organizations that resonate with the younger generations.

I speak with many Human Resource (HR) and talent specialists and they all say that the acquisition and retention of talent will be the key market differentiator for business by mid-century. From Baby Boomers to through GenXers to Millennials and now Genders; the values and mindset of the current and upcoming workforce differ significantly from those of previous generations. To motivate and attract these individuals, organizations must listen to their ideas and incorporate them into the company’s values and purpose. By engaging with the younger generations and understanding their perspectives, board members can foster an environment that aligns with their aspirations. Businesses which try to enforce well-known and well-debunked tropes such as there is no such thing as climate change will be consigned to the dustbin of corporate failures.

Building transformative leadership and engaging forward-thinking board members pose challenges but are necessary for success. Just as talent acquisition and retention will be one of the most critical aspects of corporate survival, the importance of recruiting board members who understand current and future challenges and the need for an integrated approach will be equally critical. Critically this also means diversity on the Board. While seasoned experience is valuable, finding individuals who can bridge the gap between traditional values and the demands of a changing world is crucial. It also means new and different subject matter expertise will be critical. The Department of Justice (DOJ) has noted that a Board needs to have a compliance resource on it. The logical step is for a Board to have a Compliance Committee, chaired by a seasoned compliance professional.

It might even lead to a broader concept of a true risk management professional on the Board. Given the paradigm shift coming out of the Pandemic from disaster recovery to business resiliency to business as usually; a Board having the ability to have that strategic discussion  and lead through oversight will be a critical element as well.

Recognizing the pivotal role that ethics and compliance play in guiding organizations through transformational changes is something that is gaining traction in the corporate world. In a world that is evolving at an unprecedented pace, it is imperative to build ethical safeguards, establish checks and balances, provide appropriate oversight and adapt to the values and mindset of the younger generations. By embracing continuous education, converging ESG and E&C efforts, and taking a stand on social issues, organizations can navigate the inflection point we find ourselves in and thrive in the future.

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31 Days to More Effective Compliance Programs

One Month to More Effective Written Standards: Day 4 – Code of Conduct: Structure and Format

Next comes the evolution of the structure and format of a best practices Code of Conduct. Initially, my experience with this is that they were written by lawyers, largely for lawyers. This included ‘thou shalts’ and ‘thou shalt nots’ liberally sprinkled throughout a lengthy written document. This was what is now referred to as Code 1.0. The compliance community then evolved to Code 2.0, where the writing was less turgid, moved to more employee-friendly language, and then somewhere along the line we started putting in hyperlinks, pictures, and videos.
There are two factors that a company should consider in the structure of a Code of Conduct. The first is to consider how your organization generally communicates, overlaid with the most effective way to communicate with the various stakeholders who will read and use it. These stakeholders can include such diverse groups as employees, shareholders and third parties on both the sales and supply side of your business. This may require multiple approaches.
Be sure to make your code readable. This is beyond simply eliminating legalese. It is writing English at a grade level that is sufficient for your employee population. It may be that an eighth-grade language level is appropriate for your workforce. However, if you have a population consisting primarily of professionals, translating it into the appropriate languages it might be appropriate to aim for a higher level of language. Finally, you do not have to say the same thing, in multiple different ways.

Three key takeaways:

  1. Companies have moved past having a Code of Conduct written by lawyers for lawyers to a fully interactive code for all employees.
  2. Consider how information is distributed at your organization as a basis for communication in your Code of Conduct.
  3. Your Code of Conduct must be readable, in both in English and native language for non-English speaking employees.

For more information, check out The Compliance Handbook, 4th edition, here.